Alberta Written Barber Practice Exam

What are the three major layers of the hair?

1. Cortex, dermis, and medulla

2. Cuticle, cortex, and medulla

3. Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm

4. Cuticle, shaft, and bulb

The correct answer is: Cuticle, cortex, and medulla

The three major layers of hair are indeed the cuticle, cortex, and medulla. Each of these layers plays a distinct role in the structure and function of hair. The cuticle is the outermost layer, consisting of overlapping, scale-like cells that protect the inner layers of the hair. It serves as the first line of defense against physical damage and environmental factors. Beneath the cuticle lies the cortex, which is the thickest layer. It contains long chains of keratin (a structural protein) and is responsible for the strength, color, and texture of the hair. The cortex also plays a vital role in the elasticity and overall health of the hair. The medulla is the innermost layer, though not all types of hair have a medulla. In thicker or coarser hair types, the medulla is present and contributes to the hair's overall structure. However, in fine hair, the medulla may be absent or minimal. Understanding these layers is essential for barbers, as different hair types require specific care and treatment based on their structure.